Arthritis, of which osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type, is the most frequent cause of disability among adults in the United States. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 13.9% of adults age 25 years and older and 33.6% of adults age 65 years and older are affected by osteoarthritis. This CEU course provides physical therapists with a recommended framework that includes a structured evaluation and diagnosis of patients who may be suffering from hip and knee OA. Additionally, non-pharmacological and non-surgical treatment options are examined.