Manipulative therapeutic techniques differ between professionals and health conditions, and between infants and children / adolescents. Pediatric manual therapy and its safety has provoked debates and ethical challenges. The goals of this CEU course are to describe obstetric and perinatal outcomes in a population of children with a confirmed congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) diagnosis, review the effectiveness and harms of specific spinal manual therapy (SMT) techniques for infants, children, and adolescents, and investigate muscle fibrosis in CMT infants by quantifying echotexture and muscle thickness during the course of treatment.