This presentation will delve into the application of cardiovascular & pulmonary physiological principles to patient populations. This will be presented along 2 major themes – breathing & inflammation. Part One, the Science of Breath, will dive deeper into the physiology, assessment and interventions related to breathing. Presenters will discuss physiology of breathing as it applies to ventilatory efficiency and nasal versus oronasal breathing, in healthy and impaired states such as anxiety, chronic pain and dyspnea, as well as acute and chronic Covid. We will explore the strategies for breathing assessment, including breath-holding, heart rate variability, end-tidal CO2, and breath control with its relationship with dynamic postural control and core stability. We will review the current state of evidence of various breathing strategies and manually-facilitated interventions. Sample cases (including the application to acute and chronic Covid recovery) will be explored for application and adaptation, including exercise/training recovery, sleep, pain, and dyspnea. Part Two, Put Out the Fire – Controlling Inflammation, will include comparison and contrast of acute versus of chronic inflammation and the sequela in pathophysiologies, including the currently examined role of acute and chronic inflammation in acute and chronic Covid. Physical therapy management of inflammation will be highlighted.