As one of the largest and strongest muscle groups in the body, the gluteal muscles play a key role in a range of activities, from maintaining proper upright posture to explosive high-level athletics. Physical therapists and physical therapist assistants will encounter a range of disorders related to gluteal dysfunction in clinical practice. Therefore, clinicians must have a thorough understanding of the structure, function, and treatment of impairments relevant to the gluteal muscles. This course will provide the physical therapist and physical therapist assistant with a review of relevant anatomy and physiology, a discussion of key components needed during examination to properly identify gluteal impairments, an overview of common compensations related to gluteal weakness and dysfunction, and provide a framework for treatment and exercise selection.